نشریه خانواده و بهداشت
سال هشتم شماره 1 (پیاپی 15، بهار 1397)

Exposure to and communication with peers who consume substances or tobacco creates special beliefs in individuals that lead to drug abuse tendencies. The aim of this study was prediction of substance use tendency based on the psychological family climate and the role of peer group in adolescent tobacco users.

The research method was descriptive and correlational type and the statistical population of the study was all male and female adolescents (13-19 years old) in the second half of 2016 which using cluster random sampling. First, Tehran divided into 5 geographical parts of north, south, west, east and center. Then from 22 areas of the municipality, regions of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 13 and 16 randomly were chosen and finally, 150 individuals were selected consciously. Data were collected using Addiction Susceptibility Questionnaire-Adolescents Version by Zeinali (2014); Affective Family Climate Scale by Hillburn 1964; Adolescent Affiliation with deviant Peers Scale by Paschal, Ringwalt & Flewelling (2003). After omission of 5 distorted questionnaires and 3 outlier subjects, data analysis was performed using analytical regression analysis.

The results of this study showed that affiliation with deviant peers positively and significantly predicts substance use tendency in adolescent tobacco users (β=0.364, P<0.01).

Relationship and friendship with deviant peers and inappropriate psychological family climate are effective factors for substance use tendency in adolescent tobacco users and prevention of smoking by adolescents is necessary.

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of poetry therapy (ACT model-based) group therapy on quality of life, values and psychological Flexibility, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz.

The design of research is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test type and control group. The research population included all Islamic Azad University students, who were studying in the first semester of the academic year 2016-2017. Twenty of them were selected as sample of study using convenient sampling method. Then, they were randomly assigned into two groups of experimental and control (each containing 10 students). Before intervention, both groups underwent pretest and experimental group received 10 sessions of intervention. Then, both groups underwent post-test. Data were collected using Quality of Life Questionnaire of World Health Organization (1991), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (2004), and Schwartz's Value Survey Questionnaire (1996 and 1994).

Analysis of data using analysis of covariance showed that poetry therapy (ACT model-based) group therapy on quality of life, psychological values and the impact of psychological flexibility.

Poetry therapy can help ACT therapy to provide the conditions for more control of emotions and release them through more appropriate methods.

The purpose of this study was to predict death anxiety based on attachment (safe, avoidance and anxiety), and dark triad traits (Narcissism, Machiavellianism and Psychopathy).

The research method was a descriptive and correlational type and the statistical population consisted of all undergraduate and postgraduate students of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran during the first semester of the academic year of 2016- 2017 which 150 students were selected by multistage random sampling method. The research tool was Simpson's Adult Attachment Inventory (1990), Jonason & Webster's, Dirty Dozen Scale (2010), and Templer's Death Anxiety Scale 1970. Data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis.

The results of this study showed that narcissism personality (P<0.01, β=0.256), secure attachment (P<0.01, β=-0.218), avoidance attachment (P<0.05, β=-0.184) and ambivalent attachment (P<0.05, β=-0.218) predict death anxiety.

Insecure and narcissism individuals respond with stress and anxiety in dealing with the concept and fear of death as are not the source of attachment in access.

Marital Satisfaction is one of the most important factors in the sustainability of life. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the training of sexual skills on marital satisfaction of veterans' children.

The research method is semi-experimental, with a pre-test-post design with a control group of 6 sessions of sexual skills training sessions. The statistical population includes all married women (Father’s of veteran) refrring to Shahed conselling center in Mashhad, in year 1395. Among them, 24 were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two groups of experimental and control. Enrich couple scale by Olson (1994) was used. To analyze the data using software spss18 descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics of covariance analysis were used

The scores in the two groups of test and control in the post-test stage have a significant difference.

Results showed that Training of Sexual Skills has a meaningful impact on rasing of marital satisfaction, the experimental group rather than the control group.

The aim of current investigation is to predict the quality of sleep and quality of life based on Internet addiction among students in Tehran.

Descriptive and correlational study population consisted of 13 area high school students in Tehran were enrolled in the academic year 96-1395. Among them, 200 students were selected by multistage random sampling. Pittsburgh sleep quality assessment, Quality of Life Questionnaire (1996), World Health Organization, Kimberly Young's Internet Addiction Test (1998) were used. Data for this study were analyzed using multiple regression analysis.

In the present study results showed a regression coefficient between the criterion variable (sleep) and predictive (Internet addiction and quality of life) (p<0/05,β=0/175) positive correlation was significant at the level 0/05 . Assessment of quality of life showed regression coefficients of each of the components of physical health (p<0/05,β=-0/194) at a significance level of 0/05 and psychological uncomfortable (p<0/01, β=-0/324) negatively and significantly predict sleep quality 0/01.

As a result of the change in lifestyle with the necessary training to improve the quality of life in adolescence, according to the usage of the Internet in this age group can be quality sleep more benefit from creating many physical diseases and mental caused by poorquality sleep to occur and will affect many aspects of life can be prevented.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of "Guttmannbased education on marital satisfaction and marital satisfaction of couples" in 2015-2016.

The study was "experimental" with "pretest-posttest design with control group." The statistical populations were all of couples in Shiraz at 2015-2016 years. The sample consisted of 28 couples who selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to either experimental (14 subjects) or control (14). The marital adjustment questionnaire (Das, 1976) and marital satisfaction index (Hudson, 1993) were used to collect data. Pretest performed on both groups, and then only the experimental group trained in 7 sessions of 120 minutes. After completion of educational programs, post-test performed on both groups. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (19) and after data collection and analysis using Covariance (Menkova) and (Ankawa) analysis.

The results of this study showed that Guttmann theory based training had a significant effect on the adjustability (p <0.01) and marital satisfaction in Shiraz (p <0.01).

According to the findings of this study, the intervention based on Guttmann's theory, increases the level of marital satisfaction and adjustability in the experimental group. This suggests that relational problems eliminated by relational therapy. Therefore, Guttmannbased education can be a good way to prevent and resolve couples problems and reduce the instability of marriage as well as prevent divorce.

Internet use is recognized as an essential part of modern life. Owing to web-based technologies and increases of Internet access. In recent years, the term “addiction” has been expanded beyond substance dependence to include non-substance-related behaviors that cause problems and impairment. Proposed “process” or “behavioral” addictions have included such varied themes as shopping; exercise; gaming; and forms of Internet-enabled behavior such as online video gaming, socializing through social media, and various forms of sexual behavior. Considerable research to support these new addictions appears to follow a “me too” approach as investigators test for similarities with substance addictions and impulse control disorders that already appear in diagnostic manuals. Addiction to a substance and addiction to a behavior may look similar in their effects on behavioral patterns, emotions, and physiology. On the other side of this popularity, a new psychological disorder has emerged: “Internet addiction”, also inconsistently referred to as “excessive Internet use” “problematic Internet use” “Internet dependency” or “pathological Internet use”. Maladaptive use of the Internet results in Internet addiction. Within the field of behavioral addictions, the subject of Internet addiction (IA) is of considerable interest. With the advent of the phenomenon of Internet addiction following the advancement of technology in recent years, the psychosocial dimensions of the lives of individuals have been negatively affected. The purpose of this study was to the prediction of internet addiction based on psychological well-being and differentiation of self.

The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population consisted of all students of the faculty of humanities of Islamic Azad University, Tehran University of Science Sciences during the 2016-2017 year, among them, 208 were selected by multi-stage sampling method. The study tool was Young Internet Addiction Test (1998); Ryff psychological well-being scale-short form (1998) and Skowron & Schmitt Differentiation of Self Inventory (2003).

The regression coefficient between psychological well-being and Internet addiction were negative and significant at 0.01 level (P < 0.01, β = -0.289). The regression coefficients of the component of i-position was negative (P < 0.05, β = -0.179) and emotional cut off (P < 0.05, β = - 0.176) were positive and significant at 0.05.

In recent years, unfavorable growth environments that lead to lower differentiation and lower psychological well-being tend to increase the linkage with the virtual world, so attention to the child's developmental environment and psychological well-being and the factors affecting its increase is of particular importance.

The purpose of this study was to compare the academic performance, achievement motivation and attitude to studding among students with technical and nontechnical teachers.

The research method was descriptive and causal-comparative and the statistical population of the study consisted of high school students in Qom province in 2017, among which 600 were selected through targeted sampling. The mean of the scores, School Attitude Assessment Survey-Revised and Hermen's achievement motivation test were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance analysis and independent group t-test.

The results of this study showed that there is a significant difference between students with technological teacher and non-technical teacher in performance and academic achievement and the average of students with technological teacher was significantly higher. There is a significant difference between students with technological teacher and non-technical teacher in achievement motivation and the average of students with technological teacher was significantly higher. There is a significant difference between students with technological teacher and nontechnical teacher in attitude to studding and the average of students with technological teacher was significantly higher.

If technology be available to learners, it can help improve the quality of education and performance, and improve academic achievement and attitude to studding, and they can be effective in teaching.